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Human Immunodeficiency Virus or HIV is the most widely known of all sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) especially among the youth.  It is considered as one of the most terrible pandemics that have ever hit mankind, accounting for 25 million deaths since it reached the public eye in 1981.

Origin

HIV is believed to have originated from West-Central Africa.  There are two know strains of the disease.  HIV-1 is thought to have evolved from the Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) which afflicts wild chimpanzees.  HIV-2, meanwhile, is believed to have jumped species from the primate Sooty Mangabey to humans.

How Infection Proliferates

HIV is transmitted through transfer of bodily fluids.  Unprotected sexual relations remain to be the most prevalent mode of viral transmission. The virus is transmitted via contaminated sexual emissions from the host to the mucous membranes lining the genital, anal or oral orifice of the receiving partner.

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Human immunodeficiency virus or HIV was once unknown to the world prior to December 1, 1981.  When it first hit worldwide recognition, so much mystery surrounded it that everybody was gripped with fear at the thought of its prevalence.

Twenty-seven years later, the dreaded HIV has reached pandemic levels and left in its wake 25 million known fatalities.  The world was correct to fear it.  But now the monster has been demystified, giving people a fighting chance over the once seemingly unstoppable adversary.

HIV is a disease that strikes the human immune system making the body susceptible to different opportunistic diseases.  It is transmitted primarily through sexual relations although it can also be spread through infected needles and through childbirth.  People who are hit by some sexually transmitted diseases are predisposed to HIV infection.  The end stage of HIV is AIDS or Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome.

Worldwide Statistics

The staggering mortality rate due to HIV puts it in the top of the list along with the other deadliest pandemics of the world.  Statistical reports in 2005 show an estimated 4.8 million new cases of infection while about 2.8 million deaths were attributed to the disease.  Further, an estimated 64% of the average 39.7 million people currently positive for HIV are natives of Sub-Saharan Africa.

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There are many different kinds of STDs, all exhibiting a variety of symptoms and consequences.  The following are some of the most popular list of STDs.

Bacterial STDs

Some of the popular and widespread kinds of STDs fall under bacterial infections. These include Chlamydia, Gonorrhea and Syphilis.  Oftentimes, the onset of the bacterial infection is usually undetected for of lack of symptoms. When the symptoms do appear, they are fairly common and sometimes mild and temporary, thus the disease go undetected.

Chlamydia has the most reported number of cases of STDs in the US population.  Chlamydia poses a serious threat to women’s health as it causes pelvic inflammatory disease or PID which can cause infertility.

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Sexually transmitted disease (STD) is a serious threat to public health.  While there are many different kinds of STDs exhibiting diverse symptoms, many of these types of infection do not exhibit any sign a few weeks or even months from the onset of infection.

Most STD symptoms are also fairly common in other types illnesses and therefore often do not trigger serious concern in patients.  Itching, painful and sometimes frequent urination, pain in the lower abdomen and pain during sexual intercourse are signs of STD but may also signify other ailments.

Chlamydia

Chlamydia is the most widespread of all reported cases of STD in the US.  It is classified as a bacterial infection and is characterized by such common STD symptoms as painful urination, pain in the lower abdomen, vaginal or penile discharge, pain during sexual intercourse and pain in the testicles for men.  The signs and symptoms usually appear about 1 to 3 weeks from the onset of infection and may even be mild to the point of negligible when they do occur.

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The US government takes seriously the issue of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).  Regular STD statistics rounded up every year by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention or CDC prove grim prospects.  About 19 million estimated new cases of STD occur every year, almost half of which comprises the younger population of 15 to 24 years old.

Chlamydia

In the 2006 survey of the CDC on the prevalence of chlamydia, syphilis and gonorrhea in the US population, chlamydia appears to be the most widely reported case of STD at 1,030,911 cases.  The figure is distinctly higher than the 2005 yield of 976,445 cases. Nevertheless, the reported figures are far from the truth as a majority of cases go unreported, judging alone from CDC estimates of an annual rate of 2.8 million new cases of chlamydia infection in the US.

The increase in figures from 2005 to 2006 can be attributed to two things. Either that chlamydia testing has become more successful in terms of outreach and effectiveness of the technology itself, or that the incidence of infection has actually increased.

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Sexually transmitted disease or STD is an illness that is spread primarily through sexual intimacy.  It is also sometimes referred to as sexually transmitted infection or STI because oftentimes a person can contract the infection without exhibiting any symptom of the disease.  In this case, an STD testing can check for presence of certain pathogens.

Diagnostic and screening tests check for presence of STI as well as help determine the cause of the illness. They primarily allow patients to treat their illness at the onset when it is easiest to defeat.  However, some forms of STDs need to “cultivate” inside the body enough for natural antibodies to develop and become evident in the tests.  For instance, HIV will take weeks or even months from the onset of infection before it can be detected in the tests.

There are many different kinds of STD testing, each of which targets a specific type of STD.  There are a few kinds of tests that are stringed together and administered one time.
Not one, however, can detect all kinds of STDs.

Some STD tests require simple blood or urine samples while others need fluid from the vagina or penis or from an open sore.

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Human Immunodeficiency Virus or HIV is the most widely known of all sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) especially among the youth.  It is considered as one of the most terrible pandemics that have ever hit mankind, accounting for 25 million deaths since it reached the public eye in 1981.

Origin

HIV is believed to have originated from West-Central Africa.  There are two know strains of the disease.  HIV-1 is thought to have evolved from the Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) which afflicts wild chimpanzees.  HIV-2, meanwhile, is believed to have jumped species from the primate Sooty Mangabey to humans.

How Infection Proliferates

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A federal study released early this year reported the occurrence of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) in teenage American girls.  Teenage STD statistics show an alarming 26% incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STI) in American girls aged 14-19.  Roughly translated, about 3 million or 1 in every 4 adolescent females in the US is afflicted with at least one type of STI.

The study was made using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) of 2003-2004 which was conducted on 838 young women aged 14-19.  Moreover, it was limited to the testing of a few types of infections namely human papillomavirus (HPV), chlamydia, trichomoniasis and genital herpes.

Teenage STD statistics based on the NHANES study of 2003-2004 reveals that of the 50% of respondents who admitted to having sex, 40% were found to have been infected with one or more kinds of STD.  In addition, 20.4% of the girls who reported to having one exclusive partner were found positive for STD while more than 50% of girls with more than 2 partners had infection.

The largest rate of infection among the STIs included in the study is of the HPV at 18.3%, a disease that can potentially cause cancer and genital warts.  Meanwhile, about 3.9% were infected with chlamydia, followed by trichomoniasis at 2.5% and genital herpes at 1.9%.  In addition, an average of 15% of the total number of the infected female adolescents were found to be suffering from two or more types of STIs.

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Syphilis is one of the most alarming bacterial infections which may cause severe complications that can be fatal. The disease does not only affect the genitals. Instead, the spread of the bacterial infection affects the skin and the mucous membranes. If left untreated, the condition may also affect the brain and the heart.

Basically, syphilis is usually contracted through sexual contact. Based on the latest health surveys, syphilis is most common among young adults within the age range of early 20s to the late 30s. Although syphilis is common for both men and women in that age range, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) points out that the population of men infected with syphilis continues to increase intensively. According to their studies, men who have sex with men have higher risks in acquiring the dreadful disease.

Treponema pallidum is the bacterial organism which causes syphilis. Such can enter the body through mucuous membranes or wounds and cuts in the skin. Usually, the disease is transmitted during sexual intercourse with an infected person.

How to cure syphilis

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If you have rectal bleeding accompanied by anal pain and passing mucus in your rectum, you may have Proctitis. Proctitis can also cause a feeling of rectal fullness, a frequent or continuous urge to have a bowel movement, diarrhea, and pain during bowel movements. Basically, Proctitis refers to the inflammation of the lining of the rectum.

The types and causes of Proctitis

The treatment plan for Proctitis depends on the kind of Proctitis that the patient has. Therefore, it is a must to understand the cause of the condition before taking medications.

Basically, there are three types of Proctitis based on the underlying cause of the condition- radiation Proctitis, Proctitis caused by inflammatory bowel disease, and the most common- infectious Proctitis.

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